Gynaecology And Obstetrics

Gynecology is a medical specialty that focuses on female reproductive health issues, such as the development, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of illnesses and diseases that affect the female reproductive system. Obstetrics is responsible for the medical care of a woman and her child before, during, and after birth. Women go through a variety of reproductive events throughout their lives, including menarche, menstruation, pregnancy, maternity, and menopause. These developmental events in female reproduction cause more drastic physiological changes (e.g., menstrual bleeding, physiological changes in pregnancy, breastfeeding, menopausal hormone fluctuations), more significant psychological changes, and more complex psychosocial consequences for women than developmental events in male reproduction. Though most women respond successfully to these reproductive processes, they may become more vulnerable to psychological maladjustment in particular circumstances.

What type of Procedures comes under Gynecology?

1. Hysterectomy or removal of the uterus
2. Removing the ovaries or oophorectomy
3. Cervical biopsy: These types of biopsies are collected from the inner walls of the uterus in the case of womb cancer.
4. Laparoscopy: It involves viewing the inner abdominal organs of the female reproductive system, is used to identify and treat cysts and infections in the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
5. Colporrhaphy: Colporrhaphy is a surgical procedure to repair the vaginal wall.
6. Fluid-contrast ultrasound: A fluid-contrast ultrasound is a variant of a normal pelvic ultrasound. It is used to assess the uterine lining and the uterine cavity.
7. Trachelectomy: A radical trachelectomy is the removal of the cervix and surrounding tissue, along with some pelvic lymph nodes.
8. Hysterosalpingography: A hysterosalpingography is an X-ray that examines the uterus (womb) and fallopian tubes of a woman.
9. Myomectomy: This surgical operation is used to remove uterine fibroids.
10. Cystectomy: This surgical operation is done to remove any type of cyst in the reproductive system.

When to go to a Gynecologist?

The following cases require women to visit a gynecologist office-

1. Irregular menstrual cycle
2. Painful menstruation
3. Pregnancy
4. Fibroids
5. Cysts

Conclusion

The female reproductive system is the focus of gynecology. Obstetrics is a related domain which deals with pregnancy and the procedures and issues that come with it. Whereas gynecology deals with women who aren't pregnant. It encompasses both medical and surgical disciplines.